The study of knowledge. Definition and categorization of knowledge. Epistemic chains. Limits of knowledge & the problem of induction. Paradoxes in epistemology

Argument identification and diagramming. Validity and soundness of arguments. Categorical logic. Truth functional logic. Fallacies & persuasion.

Descartes skepticism. Paradoxes. Existence of God. Time travel. Infinities.

Consequentialism, deontology, and virtue theory. Thought experiments. Moral relativism. Applied ethics (factory farming, abortion).

The Pre-Socratics, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics. Discussions about justice, virtue, political philosophy, metaphysics, and the soul supplemented by readings of Plato and Aristotle.

Survey of central problems in philosophy of science: demarcation, explanation, objectivity, and epistemology. Evaluation of key arguments by major figures in philosophy of science: Popper, Kuhn, Hempel, Gillies, and more.

Discussion of normative ethical theories of both moral factors and foundations. Metaethical debates regarding moral realism/antirealism and moral skepticism.